U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy has advised updating warning labels on alcoholic beverages to better inform consumers about their cancer risks.

In a statement released on Friday, Murthy highlighted that alcohol consumption increases the risk of developing at least seven types of cancer, such as breast, colon, and liver cancer.

Nonetheless, many Americans remain unaware of these dangers.

Murthy also proposed revisiting the current U.S. alcohol consumption guidelines, which advise no more than two drinks per day for men and one for women.

"Alcohol consumption is the third leading preventable cause of cancer in the United States, after tobacco and obesity," his office stated, noting that the type of alcohol doesn’t affect the level of risk.

The proposal has prompted reactions from industry groups and public health organizations.

The Distilled Spirits Council of the United States (DISCUS) pointed to studies indicating that moderate alcohol consumption might reduce overall mortality rates, while acknowledging an increased breast cancer risk.

A spokesperson for the U.S. Beer Institute reiterated its support for responsible drinking practices.

Since 1988, alcohol products in the U.S. have carried warning labels cautioning about risks like birth defects from drinking during pregnancy and impaired driving.

These warnings, printed in small text on packaging, have remained unchanged for decades.

Murthy’s recommendations suggest updating these labels, though not adopting the highly visible, cigarette-style warnings used for tobacco.

Murthy's initiative echoes the historic 1964 Surgeon General report on smoking, which led to stricter tobacco regulations in the following decades.

However, some analysts warn that warning labels alone may have limited impact on consumer behavior, citing the varied effectiveness of tobacco policies.

Blake Droesch, an analyst with eMarketer, commented that while labels may not immediately harm alcohol producers, they could present long-term challenges for the industry.

The global public health community is increasingly scrutinizing alcohol consumption.

The World Health Organization (WHO) asserts that no level of drinking is risk-free, a view supported by data linking even small amounts of alcohol to health risks.

However, this position is debated, with ongoing discussions about moderate drinking’s role in society and health.

Murthy’s report estimates that alcohol contributes to roughly 100,000 cancer cases and 20,000 cancer deaths annually in the U.S., along with over 13,500 alcohol-related traffic fatalities.

The advisory also noted that consuming two alcoholic drinks per day increases the risk of cancer, resulting in about five more women and three more men out of 100 developing cancer over their lifetimes.

Some countries have already initiated steps to include cancer warnings on alcoholic beverages.

Ireland, for instance, has introduced labeling requirements consistent with public health recommendations.

Meanwhile, major alcohol companies like Diageo and Heineken continue their lobbying efforts in the U.S., especially before the 2025 update to the nation’s dietary guidelines.

The administration of President-elect Donald Trump could influence the direction of these recommendations.

Trump, who abstains from alcohol due to his brother’s death from alcoholism, has expressed concerns about its risks.

His nominee for Surgeon General, Janette Nesheiwat, and his pick for Secretary of Health and Human Services, Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who has been open about his substance abuse struggles, may shape future policy decisions.

Ultimately, any changes to alcohol labeling would require congressional approval.

As public health bodies, including the WHO, intensify their efforts to regulate alcohol similarly to tobacco, the debate over its risks, role in society, and regulatory approaches will likely continue.

For now, Murthy’s call to action has reignited discussions on health, consumer awareness, and industry responsibility.