On Friday, documents revealed new insights into how the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) handled the banking sector's interactions with cryptocurrency during 2022 and 2023.

The documents, which include supervisory 'pause letters,' show that while the FDIC recommended banks remain cautious with direct cryptocurrency dealings, it stopped short of mandating a complete break from crypto firms.

These revelations counter claims by crypto companies of widespread 'debanking.'

Released under court order following a lawsuit by History Associates Incorporated on behalf of cryptocurrency exchange Coinbase, the letters initially appeared in December but have now been resubmitted with fewer redactions.

The updated batch includes 25 letters, two more than previously disclosed.

Coinbase, a staunch critic of U.S. regulators’ crypto industry strategy, contends that these documents illustrate a coordinated effort to restrict crypto firms’ access to traditional financial services.

In a post on social media platform X, Coinbase’s chief legal officer Paul Grewal indicated the documents reveal a 'coordinated effort to stop a wide variety of crypto activity,' urging Congress to pursue further investigation.

### FDIC's Approach: Prudence, Not Prohibition

The FDIC letters indicate that the regulator advised banks to halt crypto-related initiatives or refrain from expanding crypto client services without additional oversight.

The agency also required banks to provide detailed responses before advancing any plans involving digital assets.

An internal memo from 2022, released alongside the letters, further clarifies the FDIC’s position, distinguishing between banks directly engaging in crypto activities—like holding digital assets in custody—and offering traditional banking services, such as lending or deposit accounts to crypto firms.

The memo suggests that direct crypto activities necessitate more rigorous examination due to risks associated with consumer protection, financial stability, and operational integrity.

FDIC Chairman Martin Gruenberg echoed these views in December, highlighting that while the agency does not 'debank' crypto entities, it sees banks' direct engagement in crypto activities as a regulatory concern.

'Crypto-related activities may pose significant safety and soundness and consumer protection risks, as well as financial stability concerns,' the memo notes, adding that such risks are 'evolving.'

### Coinbase’s Effort and Broader Context

Coinbase’s legal action is part of a larger campaign by the crypto sector to resist what it perceives as regulatory overreach.

Industry leaders argue that careful regulatory guidance has effectively restricted access to traditional banking services, stifling the sector’s growth.

However, the FDIC’s document release underscores the agency’s emphasis on risk management rather than outright prohibition.

The timing of the disclosures is notably significant.

President-elect Donald Trump’s incoming administration is anticipated to propose a comprehensive overhaul of U.S. crypto policy, with Trump expected to issue an executive order directing regulators to adopt a more lenient approach to the sector.

This policy shift, potentially occurring as early as Trump’s January 20 inauguration, may profoundly change the regulatory environment for crypto firms and their banking partners.

### Looking Ahead

The debate over cryptocurrency regulation continues as lawmakers, regulators, and industry stakeholders navigate the challenges of integrating digital assets into the financial system.

While the FDIC’s documents reveal a cautious stance, they also underscore the regulator’s recognition of the sector’s evolving risks.

The release of these materials adds new dimensions to the ongoing discussion on balancing innovation with financial stability and consumer protection.